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For mechanized construction enterprises, whether the technical condition of construction machinery is good or not is the direct factor for the normal production of enterprises. As for the construction machinery with hydraulic transmission, the normal operation of the hydraulic system is a main sign of its good technical condition. Qualified hydraulic oil is the guarantee of reliable operation of hydraulic system, and correct maintenance is the foundation of reliable operation of hydraulic system. Therefore, according to my work practice, I make a rough discussion on the maintenance of hydraulic system of construction machinery in general working environment.

1. Select the appropriate hydraulic oil

Hydraulic oil plays the role of transmitting pressure, lubrication, cooling and sealing in the hydraulic system. The improper selection of hydraulic oil is the main reason for the early failure and durability decline of the hydraulic system. Hydraulic oil shall be selected according to the brand specified in the attached operation manual. When alternative oil needs to be used under special circumstances, its performance shall be the same as that of the original brand. Hydraulic oils of different brands cannot be mixed to prevent chemical reaction and performance change of hydraulic oil. Dark brown, milky white and smelly hydraulic oil is deteriorated oil and cannot be used.

2. Prevent solid impurities from mixing into the hydraulic system

Clean hydraulic oil is the life of the hydraulic system. There are many precision coupling parts in the hydraulic system, some have damping holes, some have gaps and so on. If solid impurities invade, the precision coupling will be strained, hairpin, oil duct blockage, etc., which will endanger the safe operation of the hydraulic system. The ways of general solid impurities invading the hydraulic system are: dirty hydraulic oil; Dirty refueling tools; Careless refueling, repair and maintenance; Desquamation of hydraulic components, etc. Solid impurities can be prevented from invading the system from the following aspects:

2.1 during refueling

The hydraulic oil must be filtered and filled, and the refueling tools shall be reliable and clean. Do not remove the filter at the fuel tank filler in order to improve the refueling speed. Refueling personnel shall use clean gloves and work clothes to prevent solid impurities and fiber impurities from falling into the oil.

2.2 maintenance

Remove the oil filler cover, filter cover, detection hole, hydraulic oil pipe and other parts of the hydraulic oil tank, so as to avoid dust when the system oil duct is exposed. The disassembled parts must be thoroughly cleaned before opening. When removing the oil filler cap of the hydraulic oil tank, first remove the soil around the oil tank cap. After loosening the oil tank cap, remove the sundries left at the joint (do not flush with water to prevent water from penetrating into the oil tank). Open the oil tank cap only after it is confirmed to be clean. If it is necessary to use wiping materials and hammers, wiping materials without fiber impurities and special hammers with rubber attached to the striking surface shall be selected. Hydraulic components and hydraulic hoses shall be carefully cleaned and assembled after drying with high-pressure air. Select the genuine filter element with intact packaging (the inner packaging is damaged, although the filter element is intact, it may also be unclean). Clean the filter while changing the oil. Before installing the filter element, carefully clean the dirt at the bottom of the filter housing with wiping material.

2.3 cleaning of hydraulic system

The cleaning oil must use the hydraulic oil with the same brand as that used in the system. The oil temperature is between 45 ~ 80 ℃. Use large flow to take away the impurities in the system as much as possible. The hydraulic system shall be cleaned repeatedly for more than three times. After each cleaning, all the oil shall be discharged from the system when the oil is hot. After cleaning, clean the filter, replace the filter element and fill with new oil.